The problem:
| The stock headlight wiring
sucks.
The wire is quite small (#18) and it follows a very long torturous path from the
battery to the headlight switch, down to the dimmer switch and then back
thru the engine compartment to the headlights. There is several
volts lost thru all this wiring and switches, so the lights only get
maybe 10-11 volts instead of the 13-14 they should have.
The other problem is that all that headlight current
heats up the headlight thermal breaker, which eventually dies from the
well known "flashing Ford headlights" syndrome.
|
The symptoms of crappy
wiring:
| You just put nice new halogens
in, but Yer lights still aren't that bright. You see lots of other cars on the road with plain
old halogens that are lots brighter and whiter than Yours and
it really bums You out. Higher wattage bulbs don't help because
they draw more current which causes more voltage drop in the wiring so
the fatter bulbs get even LESS voltage and ain't any brighter!
)-: You're pissed as hell and You're not gonna take it
anymore... |
The solution:
Headlight relays!
With relays, the headlight switch, dimmer switch, and
stock wiring only have to handle enough current to drive a relay coil, less
than 1/4 of an Amp instead of the 10-12Amps they normally have to
carry.
The relays are located near the battery, with nice short
heavy gauge wire connecting them to the headlights. |
Required materials:
2 relays, 25' of
#14 stranded wire, 8' of #18 wire, a pile of 1/4"
female spade lug crimp connectors, a couple butt type crimp
connectors, ring lugs, some heat shrink tubing, wire strippers and
crimpers, a
soldering iron and solder, electrical tape, and some beer.
The soldering iron and solder is
optional depending on how You approach
the headlight connector.
Do not
attempt this without the beer. |
The relays:
I started with 2 "Bosch
style" relays. These are a black plastic cube, roughly 1"x1"x1" with a mounting tab on
the top and five 1/4" push-lugs on the bottom. They are rated at 20 amps, are compact,
reliable, readily available, and dirt cheap. I get mine from Kragens for
under $3 each.
I find them in the "lighting" section, with the
fog lights and driving lights and stuff. I've seen/bought them at several of the
chain stores. |
| These relays are reproduced by a
zillion manufacturers now, but *always* have the terminals numbered with the
original Bosch
designations. |
#85
= relay coil side A
#86
= relay coil side B
#30
= relay contact "hot side"
#87
= relay contact "load side"
| (there
are 2 #87's on these, connected together internally,
so You can plug 2 wires on the load side.) |
The procedure:
| Start by disconnecting the battery
so nothing "bad" can happen while you
are mucking about in the electrics...
I drilled 2 holes in the fender, between the battery and
the starter relay and screwed the relays in place. Label one of them "high beam" and one "low beam".
|
| I already had a nice fuse block mounted
in the vicinity with extra slots available, so I used it. The rest of You will need to mount a 2-fuse block
somewhere near the battery. |
|
I already had a nice fuse block mounted in the
vicinity with extra slots available, so I used it.
The rest of You will need to mount a 2-fuse block somewhere near
the battery. Connect wires from one end of each fuse holder
to the battery using some #14 wire. The big terminal on
the starter relay is a good place to attach the battery end of these 2 wires.
Connect the other end of a fuse holder to one of the
"contact" terminals on the "low beam"
relay using #14 wire. If You use
the Bosch type relay, the appropriate terminal will be labeled "30".
Connect the other fuse holder to the "high beam"
relay, just like the first one.
Connect a short length of #18 wire
to one of the coil terminals on the low beam relay. On the Bosch style relay this will be "86".
Ground the other end of this wire to a suitable, clean chassis
ground.
Repeat for the high beam relay, grounding coil terminal "86"
|
|
Now take out the drivers side
headlight. Remove the trim piece around the headlight bucket so You've got some room to work.
Remove the bulb from the connector and cut the wires (red, green,
and black)
loose from the back of the connector. Leave an inch or 2
of wire on the back of the connector so You have some options
when we get to a later step...
Tape up the cut ends of the 2 wires that dangle
from the harness.
(red
and green)
We Aren't going to
use them anymore, but they will still be
hot when the lights are on, so make sure they're
insulated and can't get
in trouble.
Unscrew the black ground wire from the back of the bucket.
Now You get to decide how to
handle the bulb connector.
I see 3 choices:
1) Reuse the old connector, crimping or
soldering a #14 wire onto each stub of #18 wire left on the back of the connector
and insulating with shrink tube/tape.
2) Buy new headlight connectors, available at the parts
store and crimp or solder Your #14 wires onto these.
3) Pop the spade lugs out of the old connector, cut the
wires off and solder Your #14 wires directly to the old lugs,
insulate with heat shrink and pop them back into the connector body.
I chose option #3 as being the best for
me...
Once You've decided, attach a #14 wire to the high beam terminal
(red) and another to the
low beam terminal (green)
of the connector.
Make them long enough to route nicely from the headlight
bucket to the relays, plus enough extra to get the light out easily for
servicing...
Attach a #14 wire to the
ground terminal (black of the connector. This one only needs to be a foot long. Put a ring lug on the
other end of the ground wire and ground it in the original location.
don't forget to clean the metal all bright and shiny first. Smear a little
silicone grease on the metal to prevent rust would be nice too..
Route the wires up to the relays, keep it neat and use
some tie-wraps to keep things secure. Now You can put the light back in
place.
Oh wait, if You put some silicone grease in the connector
for the back of the light, You'll avoid trouble later.. Now put the
light in.
|
|
O.K., so now You've got 2 #14 wires from the left
headlight up to the relays. put a 1/4" crimp lug on each wire and plug
the high beam wire onto the unused contact terminal on the high beam relay.
On the Bosch style relay this is terminal "87".
There are actually 2 terminal "87"'s
on the relay. Use either one, they are connected together internally...Now connect the low beam wire to the terminal "87"
on the low beam relay.
O.K., so You've got the drivers
side light grounded and wired to the relays #87 terminals with #14 wire and the light is back in,
right? Good, lets continue...
Pull out the passenger side light, and
cut the connector loose from the harness as before, but be careful to leave the harness
wires long enough to connect some #18 wires
to them. We're gonna use these to drive our relay coils. So, crimp a #18
wire onto each of the 2 lighting wires poking out of the harness (one red, one green)
and route them up to the relays. Connect the high beam one (red) to the
coil terminal on the high beam relay. On the Bosch style relay this is
terminal "85". Connect the low beam one (green) to the coil terminal "85"
on the low beam relay.
|
Cool, we're nearly done!
|
Now connect some #14
wires to the pass side headlight connectors, and ground the black terminal and route the red
and green
ones to the relays just like we did for the drivers side.
You remember how we did the drivers side right?
Hey, go easy on those beers now!
Hook the low beam wire to terminal "87" on
the low beam relay, and the high beam wire to "87" on the high beam relay.
Alright! that's all the wiring!
Silicone grease Your pass side headlight connector and
put the bulb back in and any trim back on. Make sure all Your wiring is
secure and can't get in trouble and then clean up Yer mess...
Now You can stick some 20 amp fuses in
Your new fuse holders and hook the battery back up.
Test out Your new handiwork and enjoy!
There are 2 rudely drawn
schematics that go with this.
One is "stocwire_1.jpg",
which shows how the lights are more or less hooked up stock. The other is "newwire_1jpg",
which shows the new wiring, with the original wires in red and the "new" wiring in
blue.
Also, shown in green is wiring for an added switch so
when the high beams are on the low beams are also on (controllable with a
toggle switch), and a "high beam flash" option that allows You to
flash high beams with the headlights off. (momentary pushbutton switch).
|
| PLEASE NOTE: The
colors on the schematics only reflect which wires are "original wiring" (red)
and "new wiring" (blue)
and *not* the actual wire colors on the truck. Refer to the text for
actual truck wiring colors. |
|